A stroke occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted or severely reduced, depriving brain tissues of oxygen and nutrients. Within minutes, brain cells begin to die.

Causes :

Many conditions can lead to hemiplegia. Generally, an injury to the right side of the brain will cause left-sided hemiplegia, while an injury to the left side of the brain will cause right-sided hemiplegia.

Stroke:Stroke is the most common cause of hemiplegia. Insufficient blood supply to the brain leads to loss of brain function. A stroke may be caused by:
• A clot formed within a blood vessel, blocking the blood supply (thrombus).
• A clot that breaks away from its site of origin and forms a blockage elsewhere in the circulation (embolus).
• Bleeding from a blood vessel supplying the brain (hemorrhage).

Head injury

Diabetes

Brain tumors

Infections like Meningitis and Encephalitis

Migraine syndrome - recurrent severe headaches occasionally accompanied by numbness and tingling on one side of the body

Inflammation of the blood vessels (vasculitis)

Diseases affecting the nerves, such as Multiple Sclerosis and acute necrotizing myelitis

Conditions presenting from birth, such as cerebral palsy

Lack of blood supply damages nerve cells in the brain. Birth trauma, difficult labor, and perinatal strokes occurring within the first three days after birth can cause cerebral palsy.